Effects of DNA supercoiling on chromatin architecture
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
DNA Supercoiling, Topoisomerases, and Cohesin: Partners in Regulating Chromatin Architecture?
Although our knowledge of chromatin organization has advanced significantly in recent years, much about the relationships between different features of genome architecture is still unknown. Folding of mammalian genomes into spatial domains is thought to depend on architectural proteins, other DNA-binding proteins, and different forms of RNA. In addition, emerging evidence points towards the pos...
متن کاملSupercoiling in DNA and chromatin☆
Supercoiling is a fundamental property of DNA and chromatin. It is modulated by polymerase and topoisomerase activities and, through regulated constraint, by DNA/chromatin binding proteins. As a non-covalent and elusive topological modification, supercoiling has proved intractable to research despite being a crucial regulator of nuclear structure and function. Recent studies have improved our u...
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Regulation of transcription in eukaryotes is considered in the light of recent findings demonstrating the presence of negative and positive superhelical tension in chromatin. This tension induces conformational transitions in DNA duplex. Particularly, the transition into A-form renders DNA accessible and waylaying for initiation of transcription producing RNA molecules long known to belong to t...
متن کاملEffects of DNA supercoiling on the topological properties of nucleosomes.
In the nucleosome core particle, at least 145 base pairs of DNA are bound to the histone octamer in a superhelical conformation. We have asked what effect the presence of these particles has on the ability of DNA gyrase to supercoil DNA. Synthetic minichromosomes, constructed by reconstituting complexes of core histones with the closed circular plasmid pBR322, were treated with various amounts ...
متن کاملThe effects of DNA supercoiling on G-quadruplex formation
Guanine-rich DNAs can fold into four-stranded structures that contain stacks of G-quartets. Bioinformatics studies have revealed that G-rich sequences with the potential to adopt these structures are unevenly distributed throughout genomes, and are especially found in gene promoter regions. With the exception of the single-stranded telomeric DNA, all genomic G-rich sequences will always be pres...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biophysical Reviews
سال: 2016
ISSN: 1867-2450,1867-2469
DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0210-1